According to research published in the Journal, Cerebral Cortex, by Stephanie McHughen  et.al., a key SNP in BDNF (valine 66 mutated to methionine) impacts learning and memory functions, cognitive tools which happen to be crucial for operating an automobile.

During one of the described experiments, subjects were seated at a computer, with attached steering wheel as they had to keep the virtual car on a black line in the center of the screen. Subjects got to learn the driving circuit by following the car on 15, 60 second trials.  While both groups of subjects (those who had the “normal” valine  allele, and those with the val⁶⁶met SNP) started at similar levels of ability, and showed short term learning. During the trials however, val⁶⁶met subjects showed less learning, and made more mistakes while learning. By day 5 of training, those with the val⁶⁶met allele showed less ability to retain the skills they had learned. The study also showed some differences in the activation of regions of the brain responsible for motor function and learning, such as the motor cortex.

Having this SNP is not all bad, as the val⁶⁶met SNP appears to be advantageous in disease settings, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s or multiple sclerosis, as it is thought that this SNP can increase the stability of certain brain functions, even though they may reduce plasticity in some learning tasks. In other words, this polymorphism may be the middle ground between flexibility and durability in brain functions.

I actually didn’t pass my road tests the first few times, and since my genotype happens to be heterozygous for this SNP I now have an excuse! My cello playing was never yo-yo ma, and but my teacher always commented that I had such a better time with difficult passages than simple ones. I wonder how this affects fine motor skills?

Jason – rs6265 (A/G)

The Imperial College London and its affiliate-company DNA Electronics have developed a portable device that will allow doctors to detect for certain areas of the DNA that make us respond differently to drugs. The technology is based upon the fact that our genome is filled with areas that contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These are areas of our genome where there are single bases that differ among members of the human population. Responses to medication can be predicted by the location of particular SNPs.

The hand-held device, which is called the SNP Dr., will be able to immediately detect the DNA sequences of the patient, instead of sending the sample out to be analyzed (which takes time and money). Now the doctor will be able to detect whether or not the patient will have an adverse response to a particular drug, and make better decisions about treatment options.